Naoki Sanjugo Award
1回登壇
-
第3回（1936年） award
Kaionji Chōgorō
かいおんじ ちょうごろう
Kaionji Chōgorō
別名:
末冨 東作
ペンネーム:
Kaionji Chōgorō（Pen name used for literary work; first used in 1929 when submitting a prize-winning short story.）
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1901-11-05 （Okuchi, Isa District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan (now Isa City)）
- 死没
- 1977-12-01 （Kuroiso (now part of Nasushiobara), Tochigi Prefecture, Japan） 76歳
- 国籍
- Japan
- 言語
- Japanese
- 居住地歴
- Okuchi (birthplace), Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan → Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan → Yoyogi-Uehara, Tokyo, Japan → Nasushiobara, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan
経歴
- 職業
- Novelist, Writer
- 活動期間
- 1929年〜1977年
- 所属
- Jitsuroku Bungaku Kenkyukai (Realist Literature Research Society), Bungaku Kensetsu (literary circle)
- 所属団体
- Naoki Prize selection committee member
- 影響を受けた人物
- ,
- 影響を与えた人物
- Ryotaro Shiba
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kogakkan University | — | — | — | 1921-1922 | Japan |
| Kokugakuin University, Higher Normal School | Higher Normal School | Department of Japanese/Chinese Classics | — | 1923-1926 | Japan |
Kogakkan University
期間:
1921-1922
国:
Japan
Withdrew in 1922 due to personal circumstances and briefly returned home.
Kokugakuin University, Higher Normal School
Higher Normal School
/ Department of Japanese/Chinese Classics
期間:
1923-1926
卒業年:
1926
国:
Japan
After graduation he worked as a junior high school teacher while beginning his writing career.
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 | Selected in Sunday Mainichi short story contest | Utakata Sōshi | — | Sunday Mainichi | 入選 |
| 1934 | Sunday Mainichi Popular Literature Award | — | — | Sunday Mainichi | 受賞 |
| 1936 | Naoki Prize (Naoki Sanjūgo Prize) | Tenshō Onna Gassen; Budō Denraiki | — | Naoki Prize Selection Committee | 受賞 |
| 1968 | Kikuchi Kan Prize | — | — | Kikuchi Kan Prize Selection Committee | 受賞 |
| 1968 | Medal with Purple Ribbon | — | — | Government of Japan | 受章 |
| 1973 | NHK Broadcasting Culture Award | — | — | NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation) | 受賞 |
| 1973 | Person of Cultural Merit | — | — | Government of Japan | 選出 |
| 1977 | Japan Art Academy Prize | — | — | Japan Art Academy | 受賞 |
| 1977 | Honorary citizen of Ōkuchi (Okuchi) | — | — | Ōkuchi City (now Isa City) | 授与 |
Selected in Sunday Mainichi short story contest
1929
対象作品:
Utakata Sōshi
主催:
Sunday Mainichi
結果:
入選
Sunday Mainichi Popular Literature Award
1934
主催:
Sunday Mainichi
結果:
受賞
Naoki Prize (Naoki Sanjūgo Prize)
1936
対象作品:
Tenshō Onna Gassen; Budō Denraiki
主催:
Naoki Prize Selection Committee
結果:
受賞
Kikuchi Kan Prize
1968
主催:
Kikuchi Kan Prize Selection Committee
結果:
受賞
Medal with Purple Ribbon
1968
主催:
Government of Japan
結果:
受章
NHK Broadcasting Culture Award
1973
主催:
NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation)
結果:
受賞
Person of Cultural Merit
1973
主催:
Government of Japan
結果:
選出
Japan Art Academy Prize
1977
主催:
Japan Art Academy
結果:
受賞
Honorary citizen of Ōkuchi (Okuchi)
1977
主催:
Ōkuchi City (now Isa City)
結果:
授与
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
Tenshō Onna Gassen
1936年 Historical novelA historical novel depicting the fates and struggles of women in the Sengoku period. Serialized in literary magazines and helped establish Kaionji's reputation.
Sengoku periodWomen's historiesPower and fate
Budō Denraiki
1941年 Historical novel / History of martial artsTraces the transmission of martial arts and depicts the lives and ethos of samurai and swordsmen, exploring martial culture historically.
Martial artsSamurai ethosTechnique and spirit
Taira no Masakado
1955年 Historical novelA long historical novel portraying the life of Taira no Masakado, revisiting the image of a classical-era hero.
Heroic biographyAncient historyRebellion and politics
映像化・舞台化
- [Television] Kaze to Kumo to Niji to (related to Taira no Masakado) (1976)
Ten to Chi to (Heaven and Earth)
1962年 Historical novelA long historical novel centered on Uesugi Kenshin and the Sengoku era. One of Kaionji's representative works, widely known through NHK Taiga drama adaptations.
Sengoku periodCommanders' conflictsFate and honor
映像化・舞台化
- [Television] Ten to Chi to (NHK Taiga Drama) (1969)
- [Film] Ten to Chi to (feature film) (1990)
- [Television (special)] Ten to Chi to (TV special) (2008)
Saigō Takamori (biography)
1964年 Historical biographyKaionji's life work on Saigō Takamori. Written in the style of historical biography, it covers the Bakumatsu and Meiji Restoration in detail but remained unfinished at his death.
Bakumatsu / Meiji RestorationSatsuma regionBiographical history
Bushō Retsuden (Biographies of Military Commanders)
1959年 Biographical sketches / historical biographyA series of biographical sketches of military commanders, intended to revive historical biography and promote understanding of Japanese history through literature.
Biographical sketchesHistory educationPortraits of commanders
全著作
- Tenshō Onna Gassen (1936)
- Budō Denraiki (1941)
- Taira no Masakado (1955)
- Ten to Chi to (1962)
- Bushō Retsuden (1959-1963)
- Saigō Takamori (1964-1977, unfinished)
- Futamoto no Ginnan (1961)
- Akunin Retsuden (1961-1962)
- Shijing (Book of Songs) — translation (1974)
- Collected Works of Kaionji Chōgorō (21 vols., 1969-1971)
翻案
- Ten to Chi to (NHK Taiga Drama, 1969)
- Ten to Chi to (film, 1990)
- Kaze to Kumo to Niji to (NHK Taiga Drama, 1976)
- Sake to Onna to Yari (film, 1960)
作家による翻訳
- Translation of the Shijing (Book of Songs), 1974
作風・主題
- 文体
- Emphasis on historical-biographical styleDetailed, document-based historical narrativeReadable narrative voice — concise and forceful
- 頻出モチーフ
- Saigō Takamori and Satsuma historyExploration of commanders and heroic figuresContrasts of duty and human feeling, fateUsing biographical sketches for popular history education
健康
-
Chronic health problems; extended hospital stays1942頃After returning from service in 1942 he underwent hospitalization, which interrupted his writing for a time.
-
Cerebral hemorrhage and myocardial infarction1977年Collapsed in 1977 from a cerebral hemorrhage and subsequently suffered a myocardial infarction; he died, leaving his major long biography on Saigō unfinished.
評価・遺産
Contributed to the revival of historical biography in Japanese literature, stimulating interest in national history through biographical sketches. As a Naoki Prize winner and later committee member he influenced subsequent writers; memorial museums and collected editions have preserved his legacy.
記念館・博物館
- Kaionji Chōgorō Memorial (Tokyo — Kyōdō) Kyōdō, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo (former residence) 1979年開館
- Kaionji Chōgorō Memorial (Nasushiobara) Nasushiobara, Tochigi Prefecture (former villa) 1979年開館
関連学会
- Jitsuroku Bungaku Kenkyukai (Realist Literature Research Society)
- Bungaku Kensetsu (literary circle)
資料所蔵先
- Kagoshima Prefectural Library (donated materials)
- Kagoshima Museum of Modern Literature (Kaionji-related materials)
- Kagoshima University (donation)
- Kokugakuin University (received donated materials)
大衆文化への影響
- NHK Taiga Drama 'Ten to Chi to' (1969)
- Film 'Ten to Chi to' (1990)
- NHK Taiga Drama 'Kaze to Kumo to Niji to' (1976)
引用
-
History should first be approached through literature.
出典: Essay collection 'Hi, Nishiyama ni Katamuku' (essays including 'Muso no Pen Name') (1972年) -
If possible I would like to write biographies of 200 people; at least 100.
出典: Statement during the writing of 'Bushō Retsuden' (prefatory remark) (1959年)
豆知識
- Kaionji said his pen name 'Kaionji Chōgorō' came to him in a dream.
- After the Naoki Prize ceremony he once left the prize money and pocket watch on a train; they were later returned.
- He professed to dislike dogs.
- He designed the label calligraphy for the local shōchū 'Isanishiki' produced in his hometown.
- Memorial museums were opened (1979) for him in Tokyo and Nasushiobara; both experienced later operational changes and closures.