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Yukio Mishima

みしま ゆきお

Mishima Yukio

ペンネーム: Yukio Mishima（Pen name used as a writer）

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1925-01-14 （2 Nagazumi-cho, Yotsuya, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan）
死没
1970-11-25 （Ichigaya Honmura-cho 1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan, JGSDF Ichigaya Base） 45歳
国籍
Japan
言語
Japanese
宗教
Shinto
居住地歴
Yotsuya, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo

経歴

職業
Novelist, Playwright, Essayist, Critic, Political activist
活動期間
1941年〜1970年
影響を受けた人物
Yoritsune Yasuda, Yasunari Kawabata, Junichiro Tanizaki, Ryunosuke Akutagawa, Tatsuo Hori, Ogai Mori, Raymond Radiguet, Jean Cocteau, Oscar Wilde, Friedrich Nietzsche, Thomas Mann, James Joyce, Martin Heidegger, Rainer Maria Rilke, Stendhal, Prosper Mérimée, Victor Hugo, Marcel Proust, Georges Bataille, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Arthur C. Clarke
影響を与えた人物
Shintaro Ishihara, Kenzaburo Oe, Mariko Koike, Masahiko Shimada, Jiro Asada, Haruki Murakami, Kenji Nakagami, Hideo Nakai, Emi Yamada, Hikaru Okuizumi, Kyo Machida, Kazushige Abe, Keiichiro Hirano, Nao Kawamoto, Naoko Takeuchi, Shinya Tanaka, Setsuna Ira, Tate no Kai, Eiko Muramatsu, Tatsumi Hijikata, Miwako Miwa, Shusuke Nomura, Kunio Suzuki, Tokutaro Ushijima, Chikayoshi Misawa, Soichiro Maeno, Tetsuo Uotani, Shigechika Miura, Kanji Nishio, Koyu Nishimura, Tadao Takemoto, Koichiro Tomioka, Masahiro Miyazaki, Takao Sugiyama, Takeshi Itasaka, Soushu Shikko, Masahiko Akuta, Henry Scott-Stokes, Francis Ford Coppola, David Bowie, Jean-Jacques Burnel, Paul Schrader, Björk, André Pieyre de Mandiargues, Boris Akunin, Eduard Limonov, PewDiePie
ノミネート
Nobel Prize in Literature nominee

学歴

Faculty of Law, University of Tokyo
Faculty of Law / Department of Law
学位: 学士
期間: 1942年-1947年
卒業年: 1947
国: Japan
Graduated from the Department of Law (German Law) at Tokyo Imperial University (University of Tokyo).

受賞歴

Shincho Literary Award
1954
対象作品: The Sound of Waves
主催: Shinchosha
結果: 受賞
Kishida Drama Award
1955
対象作品: Nest of Termites
部門: 演劇
主催: Kishida Kunio Drama Association
結果: 受賞
Yomiuri Literary Prize
1956
対象作品: The Temple of the Golden Pavilion
部門: 小説
主催: Yomiuri Shimbun
結果: 受賞
Yomiuri Literary Prize
1961
対象作品: The Tenth Day’s Chrysanthemums
部門: 戯曲
主催: Yomiuri Shimbun
結果: 受賞
Weekly Yomiuri New Drama Award
1958
対象作品: The Rose and the Pirate
部門: 戯曲
主催: Yomiuri Shimbun
結果: 受賞
Prix Formentor International Literature Award, 2nd Place
1964
対象作品: The Sailors Who Fell from Grace with the Sea
結果: 第2位
Prix Formentor International Literature Award, 2nd Place
1967
対象作品: After the Banquet
結果: 第2位
Mainichi Art Award, Literature Division
1964
対象作品: Silk and Insight
主催: Mainichi Shimbun
結果: 受賞
Ministry of Education Art Festival Award
1965
対象作品: The Lady of the Marquis de Sade
部門: 演劇
主催: Ministry of Education
結果: 受賞

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Confessions of a Mask

1949年 Novel 360ページ

One of the representative works of postwar Japanese literature, autobiographical elements pursue themes of aesthetics and self-identity in postwar Japan.

Self-identityAesthetics
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] Confessions of a Mask / 三島由紀夫（監督） (1950)
翻訳
  • Confessions of a Mask

Forbidden Colors

1951年 Novel 450ページ

A work on the underground world of homosexuality, depicting the conflict of aesthetics in postwar Japan.

HomosexualityAesthetic consciousness
翻訳
  • Forbidden Colors

The Sound of Waves

1954年 Novel 329ページ

A pure love story set in a fishing village in Ise Bay, and Mishima's first literary award-winning work.

Pure loveNature
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The Sound of Waves / 木下惠介 (1954)
翻訳
  • The Sound of Waves

Five Modern Noh Plays

1956年 Play 120ページ

A collection of modern plays based on Noh theater.

NohTradition

The Temple of the Golden Pavilion

1956年 Novel 280ページ

A psychological novel based on the arson incident of the Golden Pavilion, one of Mishima's representative works.

PsychologyBeauty

Rokumeikan

1956年 Play 90ページ

A play set in the Rokumeikan of the Meiji era, depicting Japan's modernization.

ModernizationHistory

The House of Kyoko

1959年 Novel 350ページ

A work depicting emotions and psychology in postwar Japan.

PostwarPsychology

Patriotism

1961年 Play 50ページ

A play based on the February 26 Incident, also directed and starred by Mishima himself.

PatriotismDeath
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] Patriotism / 三島由紀夫 (1966)

The Lady of the Marquis de Sade

1965年 Play 95ページ

One of Mishima's highly acclaimed plays.

AestheticismPhilosophy

全著作

  • Hanazakari no Mori
  • Misaki nite no Monogatari
  • Tozoku
  • Yoru no Shitaku
  • Housewife's market
  • Confessions of a Mask
  • Magrun Passing
  • Toudai
  • Kaibutsu
  • Love's Thirst
  • Pure White Night
  • Ao no Jidai
  • Forbidden Colors
  • Natsuko's Adventure
  • Nippon Made
  • City of Love
  • The Sound of Waves
  • Goddess
  • Shizumeru Taki
  • Koufuku Gou Shuppan
  • The Temple of the Golden Pavilion
  • Too Much Spring
  • The Staggering of Virtue
  • The House of Kyoko
  • After the Banquet
  • Ojosan
  • Beast Play
  • Beautiful Star
  • Love's Race
  • School of the Body
  • The Sailors Who Fell from Grace with the Sea
  • Silk and Insight
  • Spring Snow
  • Complex Him
  • The Temple of Dawn
  • Spring Snow Fortunes
  • Sword
  • Ranryo-oh
  • My Friend Hitler

翻案

  • Film adaptations of 'The Sound of Waves', 'Patriotism', 'The Black Lizard', 'Hitokiri', 'Karakaze Yaro' and many others.

作品の翻訳

  • Confessions of a Mask
  • Forbidden Colors
  • The Sound of Waves
  • The Temple of the Golden Pavilion
  • Patriotism

作風・主題

文体
Rhetorically rich, flamboyant, poetic prose styleAesthetically refined style based on classical drama, with a strong sense of artificiality and constructiveness
頻出モチーフ
Life and deathLiterature and martial artsSpirit and bodyWords and actionsPerception and deedExistence and oughtTragedyDualismView of life and death

健康

  • Sciatica
    幼少期
    Contributed to mother's overprotective education.
  • Autointoxication
    子供の頃
    Worsened to near death.
  • Pulmonary infiltration (misdiagnosed)
    青年期
    Misdiagnosed at enlistment examination, leading to immediate home return and exemption from military service.

評価・遺産

A representative post-war Japanese author, internationally acclaimed. A fervent patriot who engaged in political activities in later years. His death had a significant impact domestically and internationally.

記念館・博物館

  • Mishima Yukio Literary Museum Tokyo, Japan 1999年開館
  • Secret Literary Museum Hanazakari no Mori 4-65, Mukoshinjocho 2-chome, Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture 2008年開館

関連学会

  • Nihon Romanpai Cultural Research Association
  • Yukio Mishima Research Association

資料所蔵先

  • Collections at Mishima Yukio Literary Museum
  • Private collections

大衆文化への影響

  • Influence extended over diverse media including novels, films, stage plays, manga and musical works.

引用

  • I feel death entering the body from outside.
    出典: 'Mishima Yukio: Last Words' (1970年)
  • There are two kinds of people in this world. Those whose minds are dead but bodies alive, and those whose bodies are dead but minds alive.
    出典: 'What is a Novel?' (1968年)

豆知識

  • Mishima's pen name was given upon recommendation by his mentor Shimizu Fumio at Gakushuin.
  • First Japanese writer to appear on an American TV program.
  • The date of his death coincides with the day Shōwa Emperor acted as regent due to the illness of Taishō Emperor.