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Toyoko Yamasaki

やまさき とよこ

Yamasaki Toyoko

別名: 杉本 豊子 / Sugimoto Toyoko
ペンネーム: Toyoko Yamasaki（Pen name used for her literary career; birth name Sugimoto Toyoko.）

プロフィール

性別
女性
生誕
1924-01-02 （Minami Ward, Osaka City (now Chuo Ward, Semba), Osaka, Japan）
死没
2013-09-29 （Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan (hospital)） 89歳
国籍
Japan
言語
Japanese
居住地歴
Osaka (birthplace and upbringing) → Sakai (later life)

経歴

職業
Novelist, Writer, Journalist
活動期間
1957年〜2013年
所属団体
Japan Writers Association (resigned and later rejoined)
影響を受けた人物
Yasushi Inoue, Honoré de Balzac

学歴

Kyoto Women's College (now Kyoto Women's University)
Department of Japanese Literature
学位: 卒業
期間: 1941-1944
卒業年: 1944
国: Japan
Graduated from a pre-war women's college (old system).

受賞歴

39th Naoki Prize
1958
対象作品: Noren (The Shop Curtain)
主催: Naoki Prize Selection Committee
結果: 受賞
Osaka Prefecture Arts Award
1959
対象作品: Bonchi
主催: Osaka Prefecture
結果: 受賞
Fujin Koron Readers' Award (2nd)
1963
対象作品: Kamon
主催: Fujin Koron (magazine)
結果: 受賞
Fujin Koron Readers' Award (6th)
1968
対象作品: Kaen
主催: Fujin Koron (magazine)
結果: 受賞（後に返上）
52nd Bungeishunju Readers' Award
1990
対象作品: Children of the Earth
主催: Bungeishunju
結果: 受賞
39th Kikuchi Kan Prize
1991
主催: Kikuchi Kan Prize Selection Committee
結果: 受賞
63rd Mainichi Publishing Culture Award (Special Prize)
2009
対象作品: Fated Person (Unmei no Hito)
主催: Mainichi Newspapers / Mainichi Publishing Culture Award Committee
結果: 受賞（特別賞）

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Noren (Shop Curtain)

1957年 Novel (family / merchant story)

Her debut novel modeled on her family's kelp shop, depicting two generations of merchants.

FamilyCommercial societyOsaka customs
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film / TV drama] Noren (adaptations)

Noren of Flowers (Noren)

1958年 Novel (Osaka socio-cultural fiction)

A work depicting the ingenuity and business acumen of Osaka people; won the Naoki Prize.

Entrepreneurial spiritRegional culture
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film / TV] Noren of Flowers (adaptations)

The White Tower

1965年 Novel (medical / social novel)

An incisive long novel about university hospitals and the medical world; frequently adapted for TV and film.

Medical corruptionPower strugglesEthics
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The White Tower (film)
  • [TV drama] The White Tower (TV drama)
翻訳
  • The White Tower

The Noble Family / The Glorious Family

1973年 Novel (corporate / zaibatsu drama)

An economic novel depicting the rise and fall of a family against the backdrop of finance and industry; adapted for film and TV.

Corporate powerFamily rise and fallEconomic society
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The Noble Family (film)
  • [TV drama] The Noble Family (TV drama)

Fumō Chitai (Sterile Zone)

1976年 Novel (postwar history / economic)

A long novel set against postwar history including Siberian internment.

Effects of warReconstruction and corporations

Two Homelands

1983年 Novel (immigration / ethnic issues)

A work about the struggles of Nisei Japanese Americans; served as a source for an NHK Taiga drama.

IdentityImmigrant struggles
映像化・舞台化
  • [TV (basis for NHK Taiga drama)] Sanga Moyu (based on the novel)

Children of the Earth

1991年 Novel (war / human drama)

A long novel focusing on Japanese children left behind in China; part of the author's war trilogy.

War orphansReturn and recovery
映像化・舞台化
  • [TV special] Children of the Earth (TV special)

The Sun That Never Sets / Sun That Won't Set

1999年 Novel (corporate expose / social criticism)

A long novel dealing with corruption within Japan Airlines and the 123 crash, creating significant impact.

Corporate corruptionLabor and responsibility
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The Sun That Never Sets (film)
  • [TV drama] The Sun That Never Sets (drama)

Fated Person

2009年 Novel (social / historical)

A long novel modeled on the Nishiyama Incident; serialized from 2005 to 2009.

Power and responsibilityHistorical scrutiny

Sea of Promises

2014年 Novel (posthumous / final work)

A posthumous final work; serialized briefly in 2013 but left incomplete and published after her death.

Posthumous workLife reflection

全著作

  • Noren (1957)
  • Noren of Flowers (1958)
  • Bonchi (1959)
  • The Honor of Women (1961)
  • Matriarchal Family (1963)
  • The White Tower (1965-1969)
  • The Noble Family (1973)
  • Fumō Chitai (1976-1978)
  • Two Homelands (1983)
  • Children of the Earth (1991)
  • The Sun That Never Sets (1999)
  • Fated Person (2009)
  • Sea of Promises (2014)

翻案

  • Many works adapted into films and TV dramas (multiple adaptations for The White Tower, The Noble Family, etc.)

作品の翻訳

  • The White Tower — example English title
  • The Sun That Never Sets — example English title

作風・主題

文体
Extensive reporting-based social long-form novelsA style that interweaves fact and fiction
頻出モチーフ
War and humanityCorporations and powerRise and fall of familiesInside the medical world

健康

  • Respiratory failure
    2013年9月
    Hospitalized and died of respiratory failure on 29 September 2013.

評価・遺産

Over a long career she published many socially engaged long novels, many adapted for screen. She founded the Toyoko Yamasaki Cultural Foundation supporting war orphans from China, and despite controversies over plagiarism, she is regarded as one of postwar Japan's representative social novelists.

記念館・博物館

  • Toyoko Yamasaki Memorial Exhibition (Takashimaya Nihonbashi) Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo (Takashimaya) 2015年開館

関連学会

  • Japan Writers Association

資料所蔵先

  • Materials held by Toyoko Yamasaki Cultural Foundation
  • Shinchosha archives (collected works)

大衆文化への影響

  • Numerous TV dramas and films adapted from her works (e.g., The White Tower, The Noble Family, The Sun That Never Sets)

引用

  • Entertainers may retire, but artists do not; a writer keeps writing until they are carried in a coffin.
    出典: Saito Juichi, editor at Shinchosha (remark to Yamasaki)
  • This cruelty, this devastation, war must never be allowed.
    出典: Toyoko Yamasaki, wartime diary (1945) (1945年)

豆知識

  • Birth name: Sugimoto Toyoko.
  • Her family ran a long-established kelp shop, Oguraya Yamamoto.
  • She established the Toyoko Yamasaki Cultural Foundation in 1993 to support Japanese war orphans in China.
  • In 1968 she returned an award amid plagiarism allegations concerning the novel Kaen.