日本の文学賞

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Morio Kita

きた もりお

Kita Morio

別名: 斎藤 宗吉
ペンネーム: Saitō Yūkō（Pseudonym used during his old Matsumoto High School days.）, Morio Kita（Primary pen name used for literary activity; adopted to conceal his family connection.）

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1927-05-01 （Aoyama Minamicho, Akasaka, Tokyo (now Minami-Aoyama, Minato, Tokyo), Japan）
死没
2011-10-24 （National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Higashigaoka, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan） 84歳
国籍
Japan
言語
Japanese
居住地歴
Minami-Aoyama, Minato, Tokyo (birthplace) → Sendai (student years) → Kofu, Yamanashi Prefecture (worked at prefectural hospital) → Setagaya, Tokyo (residence) → Karuizawa, Nagano (vacation home)

経歴

職業
Novelist, Essayist, Psychiatrist, Doctor of Medicine
活動期間
1959年〜2011年
所属
Japan Art Academy
所属団体
Member of the Japan Art Academy
影響を受けた人物
Mokichi Saitō, Thomas Mann
影響を与えた人物
Yuka Saitō

学歴

Matsumoto High School (old system)
Science (Class B)
国: Japan
Enthusiastic about insect collecting.
Tohoku University
Faculty of Medicine / Faculty of Medicine
学位: 卒業
国: Japan
Graduated from the Faculty of Medicine; contributed to the literary magazine 'Bungei Shuto' during university.
Keio University Graduate School of Medicine
Graduate School of Medicine
学位: 医学博士
卒業年: 1960
国: Japan
Obtained a Doctor of Medicine with the thesis 'A study on fine psychomotor movements in schizophrenia'.

受賞歴

Akutagawa Prize
1960
対象作品: In the Corner of Night and Fog
主催: Akutagawa Prize Selection Committee
結果: 受賞
Mainichi Publishing Culture Award
1964
対象作品: The People of the Nire Family
主催: Mainichi Newspapers
結果: 受賞
Japan Literature Grand Prize
1986
対象作品: Under the Radiant Blue Sky
主催: Japan Literature Grand Prize Committee
結果: 受賞
Osaragi Jirō Prize
1998
対象作品: Biography of Mokichi (four-volume series)
主催: Osaragi Jirō Prize Committee
結果: 受賞
Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette
2011
主催: Government of Japan
結果: 追贈

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Ghost: A Story of Childhood and Youth

1954年 Novel

An early semi-autobiographical long work depicting childhood and youth.

childhoodyouthfamily

Doctor Manbow's Voyage

1960年 Essay / Travelogue

A humorous travel essay based on his experience as a ship's doctor aboard a fisheries research vessel; became a bestseller.

voyagetravelhumorinsects

In the Corner of Night and Fog

1960年 Short story

A short story that uses the motif of the Nazi 'Night and Fog' operation; recipient of the Akutagawa Prize.

warethicshuman psychology

The People of the Nire Family

1964年 Novel

An epic novel portraying the history and cast of the Saitō family; acclaimed as a major modern 'citizen novel'.

family historymodernityensemble cast

My Uncle

1972年 Novel

A work centered on family and human relationships. Later adapted into a film.

familycoming of agememory
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] My Uncle / 山下敦弘 (2016)

Doctor Manbow's Insect Chronicle

1961年 Essay / Natural history

An essay collection focused on insect collecting and natural observation, reflecting his lifelong interest in entomology.

insectsnaturereminiscence

全著作

  • Ghost: A Story of Childhood and Youth
  • In the Corner of Night and Fog
  • Doctor Manbow's Voyage
  • Doctor Manbow's Insect Chronicle
  • The People of the Nire Family
  • My Uncle
  • Under the Radiant Blue Sky (2 volumes)
  • The Manbow Family's Final Trip
  • Manbow Drunken Anthology (1-6)
  • Artificial Star
  • Doctor Manbow Reminiscences
  • To an Unknown Country

翻案

  • My Uncle (film, 2016)
  • Crazy Thief Jibako (film, 1967)
  • Doctor Manbow & Thief Jibako (animated special, 1983)
  • Comic adaptation: Doctor Manbow's Insect Chronicle (2013)

作風・主題

文体
Humorous, essayistic proseLiterary/serious fiction elementsNonsense / satirical humorChildlike storytelling in children's worksWorks sometimes containing SF elements
頻出モチーフ
insects and natural observationtravel and voyagesfamily history (the Saitō family)personal experience of bipolar disorder presented with humorthe 'Manbow' persona

健康

  • Bipolar disorder (bipolar I disorder)
    壮年期以降
    Affected his life and work. He wrote about his condition with humor in essays, contributing to reduced stigma and public understanding of bipolar disorder.

評価・遺産

Drawing on his medical background, he reached a wide readership with humorous essays and novels across diverse genres. As an Akutagawa Prize winner and recipient of numerous literary awards, and by speaking publicly about bipolar disorder, he left a strong influence on literature and society.

記念館・博物館

  • Doctor Manbow Insect Exhibition (traveling exhibition) Various locations across Japan (including Karuizawa Kogen Bunko) 2008年開館

関連学会

  • Japan Art Academy

資料所蔵先

  • Karuizawa Kogen Bunko
  • Shinchosha (publisher archives)

大衆文化への影響

  • Manbow Mabze Republic (self-styled mini-micronation)
  • Appearance in Nescafé commercial (1974)
  • Numerous TV/film adaptations and features based on essays and books

引用

  • From today I will be calm.
    出典: A phrase reportedly left in daily morning notes to his wife (anecdote)
  • I'm very embarrassed but honored. I'm pleased because I love that kind of beetle.
    出典: Comment upon having a newly discovered beetle species named after him (press remark) (2011年)

豆知識

  • A passionate Hanshin Tigers (baseball) fan and author of many essays about the team.
  • Lifelong insect collector, with a particular attachment to scarab beetles even in old age.
  • Once declared his home the 'Manbow Mabze Republic', a playful self-styled micronation.
  • Suffered large financial losses during a 1976 manic episode, leading to bankruptcy and severe financial difficulties.
  • 'Doctor Manbow's Voyage' is based on his experience as a ship's doctor on a fisheries research vessel.