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Tomiko Miyao

みやお とみこ

Miyao Tomiko

別名: 前田とみ子
ペンネーム: Tomiko Maeda（Pen name used early in her career (Maeda Tomiko)）

プロフィール

性別
女性
生誕
1926-04-13 （Kōchi City, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan）
死没
2014-12-30 （Komae, Tokyo, Japan） 88歳
国籍
Japan
言語
Japanese
宗教
Buddhism
居住地歴
Kōchi City (birthplace) → Manchuria (as part of the Manchuria settlers, 1944–1946) → Kobe (research and residence, 1960s) → Tokyo (moved to Tokyo from 1966) → Komae, Tokyo (later life)

経歴

職業
Novelist, Scriptwriter, Essayist
活動期間
1948年〜2014年

学歴

Takasaka Higher Girls' School
期間: 〜1943
卒業年: 1943
国: Japan
Graduated from an old-system higher girls' school (Takasaka Higher Girls' School).

受賞歴

Women's Newcomer Award
1962
対象作品: Ren
主催: Fujin Koron
結果: 受賞
Dazai Osamu Prize
1973
対象作品: Kai
主催: Chikuma Shobo
結果: 受賞
Women's Literary Award
1977
対象作品: Kantsubaki
主催: Women's Literary Award Committee
結果: 受賞
Naoki Prize
1979
対象作品: Ichigen no Koto
主催: Naoki Prize Committee
結果: 受賞
Yoshikawa Eiji Literary Prize
1982
対象作品: Jo no Mai
主催: Yoshikawa Eiji Prize Committee
結果: 受賞
Bungei Shunju Readers' Award
1989
対象作品: Matsukaze no Ie
主催: Bungei Shunju
結果: 受賞
Order of the Purple Ribbon
1989
主催: Japanese Government
結果: 受章
Elan d'Or Awards (Special Prize)
1995
対象作品: Kura
主催: Elan d'Or Awards Committee
結果: 受賞
Japan Sake Grand Prize
1996
主催: Japan Sake Grand Prize Committee
結果: 受賞
Order of the Precious Crown, Fourth Class
1998
主催: Japanese Government
結果: 受章
Kikuchi Kan Prize
2008
主催: Kikuchi Kan Prize Committee
結果: 受賞
Person of Cultural Merit
2009
主催: Japanese Government
結果: 顕彰
Shinran Award
2010
対象作品: Nishiki
主催: Shinran Award Committee
結果: 受賞

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Kai

1972年 Autobiographical novel

An autobiographical long novel drawing on her upbringing in Kōchi's pleasure quarter and geisha world, portraying a woman's resilience amid turbulent times.

Women's independenceFamily and separationLocal community
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] Kai (1985)
翻訳
  • Translated into Chinese (Taiwan)

Ichigen no Koto

1978年 Contemporary novel / Arts-themed fiction

A delicate portrayal of human relationships within the world of performing arts; notable for meticulous research-based characterization.

Performing artsWomen's life choicesHonor and sacrifice
映像化・舞台化
  • [TV drama] Ichigen no Koto (2000)
翻訳
  • Ichigen no Koto (Taiwanese translation)

The Life of Hanako Kiryūin

1980年 Historical novel / Biographical fiction

Based on a real woman, this long novel depicts a tragic and dramatic life; one of her representative works adapted for film and TV.

Women's fateHonor and societyHistory and the individual
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The Life of Hanako Kiryūin (1982)
  • [TV drama] The Life of Hanako Kiryūin (TV) (1984)
翻訳
  • The Life of Hanako Kiryūin (Chinese translation)

Jo no Mai

1982年 Historical novel / Arts-themed fiction

Using traditional performing arts as a theme, it portrays human relationships and women's lives amid historical change; acclaimed and adapted to screen.

Traditional performing artsWomen's livesEra and the individual
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] Jo no Mai (1984)
  • [TV drama (special)] Jo no Mai - New Year Drama Special (1984)

Tenshōin Atsuhime

1984年 Historical novel

A historical novel about Tenshōin Atsuhime of the late Edo period; praised for its painstaking research and characterization.

Late Edo periodWomen in historyPolitics and the individual
映像化・舞台化
  • [TV (NHK Taiga drama)] Atsuhime (2008)
翻訳
  • Tenshōin Atsuhime (translated into Chinese/Taiwan and others)

Kura

1993年 Historical novel / Family saga

A long novel about family and inheritance; adapted into a film in 1995 and considered one of her representative works.

FamilyProperty and successionLocal community
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] Kura (1995)

全著作

  • Kai
  • Yōkirō
  • Kantsubaki
  • Iwagō Oboegaki
  • Ichigen no Koto
  • Kagee
  • The Life of Hanako Kiryūin
  • At My Mother's Side
  • Kyara no Kaori
  • A Woman's Footsteps
  • Pilgrimage to Beautiful Things
  • The Thread of Weaving
  • Jo no Mai
  • Another Encounter
  • When the Yambo Fruit Ripens
  • Kimono of Flowers
  • Memoirs of Hands and Stars
  • Tenshōin Atsuhime
  • A Grown-up's Taste
  • Flowers Blooming While Bowed to the Ground
  • Shuka
  • Even Little Flowers Have Butterflies (Dialogues)
  • A Woman's Calendar
  • Shuntō
  • My Four-Season Calendar
  • Songs of Living (co-authored)
  • Matsukaze no Ie
  • Kinone - The Sound of Clappers
  • People of Kikuttei Yaoyoshi
  • Collected Works of Tomiko Miyao (15 vols.)
  • Kura
  • The Tears of Tōfukumon-in Kazuko
  • Kikuribachi
  • Cleopatra
  • Fragments of Memory
  • Flowers at the Edge of the World
  • Records of the Outskirts
  • Kimono Stories
  • Niyodogawa
  • Miyao's Heike Monogatari (4 vols.)
  • Living Through the Returning Seasons
  • Women of the Tale of the Heike
  • Yoshitsune
  • The Marshlands
  • Atsuhime's Life
  • Nishiki
  • The Strength to Live

翻案

  • Film 'The Life of Hanako Kiryūin' (1982)
  • Film 'Yōkirō' (1983)
  • Film 'Jo no Mai' (1984)
  • Film 'Kai' (1985)
  • Film 'Yogisha' (1987)
  • Film 'Kantsubaki' (1992)
  • Film 'Kura' (1995)
  • TV drama 'Kai' (1975, 1999)
  • NHK Taiga drama 'Atsuhime' (2008, based on her novel)
  • NHK Taiga drama 'Yoshitsune' (2005, based on her Heike/Yoshitsune works)

作品の翻訳

  • Ichigen no Koto (Taiwanese translation, 2011)
  • Tenshōin Atsuhime (Chinese/Taiwanese translations, 2010–2011)
  • Miyao's Heike Monogatari (Taiwanese translation, 2007)
  • Kai (Chinese translations available)

作風・主題

文体
Meticulous structureRealistic depictions based on extensive researchDelicate portrayal of women's psychology
頻出モチーフ
Women's life and independenceThe world of performing arts and professionsIndividuals buffeted by historyFamily and generational inheritance

健康

  • Cardioneurosis (neurocirculatory asthenia)
    青年期〜生涯を通じて持病
    Limited ability to fly (fear/medical restriction), which affected travel for research and promotion; first overseas trip was by ship.
  • Pulmonary tuberculosis
    1947（入院・療養）
    Required long-term treatment; during convalescence she began keeping a diary, which led to her early fiction writing.

評価・遺産

Known for autobiographical works rooted in her Kōchi background and research-based historical novels. Many works were adapted for film and television; she is highly regarded in postwar women's literature and historical fiction. Recipient of numerous literary prizes and national honors.

記念館・博物館

  • Kōchi Prefectural Literary Museum (holds Miyao materials) Kōchi City, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan
  • Tomiko Miyao Literature Memorial Museum Date, Hokkaido, Japan (memorial museum)

資料所蔵先

  • Collections at Kōchi Prefectural Literary Museum
  • National Diet Library of Japan (authority records and catalogs)
  • NHK Archives (materials related to TV adaptations)

大衆文化への影響

  • Her works served as original material or sources for NHK Taiga dramas such as 'Yoshitsune' (2005) and 'Atsuhime' (2008).
  • Numerous film and television adaptations brought her work to a broad popular audience.

引用

  • She is a writer who conducts meticulous research and finely depicts women buffeted by history.
    出典: Overview from works and biographies (Wikipedia summary) (2004年)

豆知識

  • Debut work: short story 'Murashibai' (1948)
  • She went to Manchuria as part of the Manchuria settlers; the experience inspired works such as 'Shuka'.
  • Because of cardioneurosis she could not fly; her first overseas trip was by ship aboard the Queen Elizabeth 2 (1984).
  • Her posthumous Buddhist name was 舜文院登覚妙叡大姉 (shunbun-in ...)